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Untargeted Metabolomics to Harness Ideal Protein Concept and Mitigate Environmental Impact in Rabbit Models.
Pablo Jesús Marín-García1, Jorge Mateo-López2, César Cortés-García1
1Department of Animal Production and Health, Veterinary Public Health and Food Science and Technology (PASAPTA), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46113 Valencia, Spain.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|July 12, 2025
Summary
Limiting methionine in rabbit diets alters blood metabolites, with effects varying by feeding time. Identifying specific metabolites can refine the ideal protein concept for sustainable animal production.
Area of Science:
- Animal Nutrition
- Metabolomics
- Environmental Science
Background:
- Environmental pollution from animal agriculture necessitates optimizing nutrient utilization.
- The ideal protein concept aims to match amino acid profiles to animal requirements, minimizing waste.
- Methionine is a crucial amino acid, and its limitation can impact animal metabolism and excretion.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the metabolic changes in growing rabbits fed diets with varying methionine levels using untargeted metabolomics.
- To explore the influence of sampling time (08:00 vs. 21:00) on the metabolomic profiles.
- To identify potential biomarkers for refining the ideal protein concept and reducing environmental impact.
Main Methods:
- Untargeted metabolomics analysis of blood samples from growing rabbits.
- Experimental diets: Met+ (balanced methionine) and Met- (limiting methionine).
- Blood sampling at 08:00 (ad libitum feeding) and 21:00 (10-hour fasting).
- Targeted analysis of plasmatic urea nitrogen.
Main Results:
- Both diet and sampling time significantly modulated the metabolome.
- Dietary effects on metabolome were less pronounced at 08:00 (likely due to caecotrophy) compared to 21:00.
- Pseudourine, citric acid, pantothenic acid, and enterolactone sulfate were identified as potential biomarkers.
Conclusions:
- Metabolomic profiling provides insights into the effects of amino acid limitation in animal production.
- Sampling time, influenced by feeding patterns and caecotrophy, affects metabolic responses.
- Targeting identified metabolites can help refine the ideal protein concept for improved nutrient efficiency and reduced environmental pollution.
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