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Microfluidic Preparation of Liquid Crystalline Elastomer Actuators

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Water-driven modulation of multiresponsive properties in acylhydrazone-based crystals.

Deepak Manoharan¹, Aritra Bhowmik², Manish Kumar Mishra^2,3

¹Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India. soumyajitghosh89@gmail.com.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)

|July 14, 2025

Summary

A novel pyrene-substituted acylhydrazone (PyAc) crystal exhibits water-driven elastic-to-thermoplastic bending and photoresponsive behavior upon dehydration, showcasing potential for smart actuators.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Crystallography
Photochemistry

Background:

Acylhydrazone crystals are known for their unique structural and responsive properties.
Solvent-induced transitions and photoisomerization are key mechanisms for developing advanced materials.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the water-driven and photoresponsive mechanical behavior of a pyrene-substituted acylhydrazone (PyAc) crystal.
To explore the potential of PyAc for applications in smart actuators and photoswitchable devices.

Main Methods:

Crystallography to analyze molecular packing and solvent channels.
Mechanical testing to evaluate elasticity and thermoplastic bending.
UV-Vis spectroscopy and photomechanical measurements to assess photoresponse.

Main Results:

The hydrated PyAc crystal displays 2D elasticity, transitioning to brittle thermoplastic bending upon dehydration and heating.
The anhydrous PyAc crystal exhibits photomechanical bending, driven by favorable E-Z photoisomerization.
Solvent channels, molecular packing, and non-covalent interactions dictate the observed distinct properties.

Conclusions:

PyAc crystals possess tunable mechanical properties influenced by hydration state and temperature.
The photomechanical response of anhydrous PyAc opens avenues for light-controlled actuation.
These findings highlight PyAc as a promising candidate for developing sophisticated smart materials and devices.