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Association between Streptococcus and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A two-sample Mendelian randomization

Ziqi Ding1, Xinru Xiao, Na Li

  • 1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China.

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This study investigated the link between Streptococcus bacteria and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Findings suggest Streptococcus may causally increase the risk of developing COPD, highlighting the gut-lung axis connection.

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Mendelian randomizationchronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Microbiology
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Streptococcus is a common cause of acute exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
  • The direct causal link between Streptococcus and COPD development remains unclear.
  • Understanding this relationship is crucial for managing COPD and its triggers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential causal relationship between Streptococcus and the risk of developing COPD.
  • To leverage genetic data for a robust assessment of this association.
  • To explore the gut-lung axis in the context of COPD pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a large-scale, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study design.
  • Employed genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from 468,475 European participants.
  • Selected 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables and applied various statistical methods (IVW, MR-Egger, etc.) for causal inference.

Main Results:

  • Mendelian randomization analysis indicated a significant association between Streptococcus and an increased risk of COPD (OR=1.18, CI=1.01-1.38).
  • Sensitivity analyses for heterogeneity and pleiotropy confirmed the reliability and stability of the findings.
  • No significant heterogeneity (P>0.05) or pleiotropy (P>0.05) was detected, supporting the validity of the results.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides evidence supporting a potential causal link between Streptococcus and an elevated risk of COPD.
  • The findings underscore the importance of the gut-lung axis in the development of COPD.
  • Further research into Streptococcus's role may inform novel therapeutic strategies for COPD prevention and management.