[Mental Health in Migrant Women: Challenges and Strategies to Reduce Inequities]

International migration has a profound impact on the perinatal mental health of women, particularly during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Factors such as acculturative stress, economic and language barriers, and experiences of discrimination increase vulnerability to conditions such as anxiety and depression. Although migrant women often arrive in a new country with better physical health -a phenomenon known as the "healthy immigrant effect"- this advantage does not extend to mental health.

To analyze the structural and economic barriers that exacerbate mental health inequities between migrant and native women during the perinatal period. The study also aims to identify risk and protective factors and to assess interventions designed to address the specific needs of migrant women.

A narrative review of 45 studies published between 2011 and 2025 was conducted. The analysis focused on how barriers to healthcare access contribute to mental health disparities. Structural and economic challenges, as well as risk and protective factors and available interventions, were explored.

Recent migrants face a higher risk of perinatal mental health disorders due to social isolation and lack of cultural integration. Women with longer residence tend to show some improvement, although significant inequities persist. Social and familial networks emerge as key protective factors, but their effectiveness depends on the presence of inclusive and culturally competent public policies. Programs specifically tailored for migrant women have proven effective in reducing perinatal disorder symptoms.

A comprehensive approach-combining strengthened community networks, inclusive public policies, and equitable access to healthcare- is essential to reducing perinatal mental health inequities among migrant women. Implementing these strategies has the potential to significantly improve the mental health and well-being of this vulnerable population.