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Vagus Nerve Stimulation As an Adjunctive Neurostimulation Tool in Treatment-resistant Depression
Published on: January 7, 2019
Nutraceutical eicosapentaenoic acid in treatment-resistant depression: The psychoneuroimmunity and clinical
Jane Pei-Chen Chang1, Ayesha Zafar Iqbal2, Quang Le Do2
1Mind-Body Interface Research Center ( MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Child Psychiatry Division, Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Abstract:
Treatment Resistant Depression is characterized by inadequate response to at least two adequate trials of antidepressants, highlighting the need for alternative or adjunctive strategies. Emerging evidence suggests omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid, may offer therapeutic benefits in the management of Treatment Resistant Depression. A total of twelve studies, including randomized controlled trials and open label studies, with a combined sample size of 498 participants have reported encouraging outcomes with eicosapentaenoic acid -predominant omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in Treatment Resistant depression. The proposed mechanisms underlying these effects include the anti-inflammatory actions, neuroprotection, and modulation of neurotransmitter systems. This review focuses on key biological systems potentially influenced by eicosapentaenoic acid in the context of Treatment Resistant Depression, including damaged-associated molecular patterns, endocannabinoid system, gut-brain axis, and specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators. Additionally, we examine the therapeutic potential of eicosapentaenoic acid in Treatment Resistant Depression with coexisting medical conditions, such as obesity and pain.
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