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Programmable Pulse Generator for Pain Relief Stimulation using Bioresorbable Electrodes.

Kangni Liu1, Anne Gormaley2, Kevin Woeppel3

  • 1Department of ECE, University of Pittsburgh.

IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference : Healthcare Technology : [Proceedings]. IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference
|July 21, 2025
PubMed
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This study presents a programmable pulse generator for nerve stimulation, offering a novel alternative to pain medication. The device demonstrates stable electrode performance and controlled bioresorbable electrode degradation for chronic pain relief applications.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Neuroscience
  • Electrical Engineering

Background:

  • Neurostimulation is a key alternative to pharmaceuticals for chronic pain management.
  • Developing advanced pulse generators is crucial for effective and safe neurostimulation therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and implement a versatile, programmable pulse generator (PG) for analgesic nerve stimulation.
  • To evaluate different stimulation modes and their impact on electrode performance and longevity.

Main Methods:

  • The PG was implemented using 180nm CMOS technology, supporting three operational modes: biphasic asymmetric, biphasic capacitor coupled, and monophasic Degradation On Command (DOC).
  • The system generates ±4mA current pulses with 8-bit resolution, adjustable pulse durations (1-256μs), and frequencies (16Hz-250kHz).
Keywords:
BioresorbableBiphasicDegradation On CommandMonophasicPulse GeneratorStimulator

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  • In vitro studies assessed electrode impedance changes and degradation characteristics across different stimulation modes.

    • Main Results:

    • Capacitor-coupled biphasic stimulation maintained electrode stability, showing only a 5Ω impedance change after 14 million pulses.
    • The DOC mode demonstrated accelerated degradation of bioresorbable electrodes, increasing impedance from 100Ω to over 0.2MΩ within 24 hours.
    • The battery-powered, compact PG PCB achieved continuous stimulation for up to 30 hours with 26.4mW peak power consumption.

    Conclusions:

    • The designed PG offers a tunable and efficient platform for neurostimulation.
    • The study validates the potential of different stimulation modes for electrode management and therapeutic application.
    • Results support the progression to in vivo studies for chronic pain relief.