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Smartphone-Assisted Film Fluorescent Sensor for Quantitative and Visual Detection of Fluoride Ions
Xinyu Ma1,2, Wen Sun2,3, Feng Gao4
1State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730099, China.
Abstract:
Film-based fluorescent sensor DIP@CP was developed by incorporating the organic fluorophore DIP into a chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol (CS-PVA, CP) composite film. The sensor enabled selective and quantitative fluoride ion detection through dual-mode colorimetric and ratiometric fluorescent responses, facilitated by DIP's favorable photophysical properties including near-infrared emission and large Stokes shift (>139 nm), which effectively reduced background interference. The detection mechanism relied on a specific F--triggered Si-O cleavage, ensuring high selectivity. The composite film design enhanced portability for field applications, whereas integration with smartphone technology allowed for visual F- detection by RGB analysis. Practical applications were successfully demonstrated in monitoring fluoride levels in diverse real-world samples, including water and commercial toothpaste samples.
