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Will your next surgeon be a robot? Autonomy and AI in robotic surgery
Samuel Schmidgall1, Justin D Opfermann2, Ji Woong Kim2
1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
Science Robotics
|July 23, 2025
Summary
Future robotic surgery aims for autonomy to overcome surgeon limitations. This review explores advancements in robotics and artificial intelligence for enhanced surgical outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Robotics and Artificial Intelligence in Surgery
Background:
- Current robotic surgery relies on direct surgeon control, introducing human variability.
- Surgical outcomes are consequently limited by surgeon skill and availability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the evolution of robotic surgery.
- To identify current trends in robotics and artificial intelligence.
- To envision autonomous surgical robots surpassing current teleoperated systems.
Main Methods:
- Review of technological advancements in surgical robotics.
- Analysis of current trends in artificial intelligence integration.
- Exploration of future possibilities for autonomous surgical systems.
Main Results:
- Robotic surgery has evolved significantly.
- Artificial intelligence is a key driver for future advancements.
- Autonomous systems hold the potential to exceed current robotic capabilities.
Conclusions:
- Autonomous surgical robots promise to improve outcomes beyond human limitations.
- The integration of AI and advanced robotics is crucial for the next generation of surgical technology.
