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Concomitant Lupus Enteritis and Lupus Cystitis: Case Report and Literature Review
Doan Nguyen1,2, Huong Nguyen3, Uyen Tran4
1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Summary
This case study reveals a patient with undiagnosed Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) presenting with lupus enteritis and cystitis. Early recognition of autoimmune causes is crucial for widespread gastrointestinal and bladder inflammation.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Gastroenterology
- Nephrology
Background:
- Lupus enteritis and cystitis stem from immune complex-mediated smooth muscle dysmotility.
- Concomitant presentation without prior Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) diagnosis is rare.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a case of a patient with concurrent lupus enteritis and cystitis.
- To emphasize the importance of considering autoimmune etiologies in unexplained gastrointestinal and urinary tract inflammation.
Main Methods:
- Clinical case presentation and diagnostic workup.
- Computed tomography (CT) scan for imaging gastrointestinal and urinary tract abnormalities.
- Exclusionary screening for infections and other autoimmune diseases.
- Diagnosis of SLE based on 2019 European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology (EULAR/ACR) criteria.
Main Results:
- Patient presented with severe gastrointestinal symptoms (pain, vomiting, weight loss) and urinary symptoms (dysuria, urgency).
- CT revealed diffuse gastrointestinal wall thickening, cystitis, ureteral dilation, and bilateral hydronephrosis.
- SLE diagnosis confirmed with high disease activity (SLEDAI score 18).
Conclusions:
- This case underscores the need to consider SLE in patients with unexplained, widespread gastrointestinal and bladder inflammation.
- Corticosteroid treatment led to symptomatic improvement of both enteritis and cystitis, along with other organ involvements.
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