Minimally Invasive Arthrodesis: Ankle, Subtalar, and Midfoot Minimally Invasive Surgery Techniques

Three conditions are necessary to achieve a correct fusion in arthrodesis surgery: compression, coadaptation, and rigid fixation in the proper position. The indications for a minimally invasive surgery (MIS) to perform ankle, subtalar, or midfoot arthrodesis are the same as those for an open procedure. However, it is particularly beneficial for patients with compromised soft tissues and minimal axis deviation of the joint, as it has shown comparable clinical results without early surgical wound complications, when indicated. We describe the surgical MIS techniques to perform an ankle, subtalar, and midfoot arthrodesis, and analysis of their results.