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Related Concept Videos

Bone Cells and Tissue01:30

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Bones contain a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of organic and inorganic components. Although bone cells compose only a small amount of the bone volume, they are crucial to its function. Four types of cells are found within the bone tissue— osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteogenic cells, and osteoclasts.
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Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification01:29

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Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
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Bone Remodeling01:40

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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

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Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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Benign Bone Forming (Osteoblastic) Tumors.

Kelsey E McHugh1, John D Reith2, Scott E Kilpatrick3

  • 1Department of Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 13400 East Shea Boulevard, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/KelseyEMcHughMD.

Surgical Pathology Clinics
|July 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review details benign bone-forming tumors, including osteomas and osteoblastomas. It clarifies their characteristics and differential diagnoses for accurate identification of these osteogenic neoplasms.

Keywords:
AdamantinomaOsteoblastomaOsteoid osteomaOsteomaOsteosarcoma

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Oncology
  • Skeletal Pathology
  • Bone Neoplasms

Background:

  • Primary bone tumors originate from various mesenchymal lineages.
  • Osteogenic neoplasms are characterized by tumor cell production of osteoid or bone.
  • These tumors span a biologic spectrum from benign to malignant.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated overview of benign bone-forming tumors.
  • To discuss osteoma, osteoid osteoma, and osteoblastoma and their variants.
  • To cover atypical sclerosing osteoblastic neoplasms and related differential diagnoses.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of primary bone tumors.
  • Focus on osteogenic neoplasms.
  • Analysis of benign bone-forming tumor characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Benign bone-forming tumors include osteoma, osteoid osteoma, and osteoblastoma.
  • Atypical sclerosing osteoblastic neoplasm is discussed.
  • Differential diagnoses for benign and malignant entities are considered.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate classification of benign bone-forming tumors is crucial.
  • Understanding the spectrum of osteogenic neoplasms aids diagnosis.
  • This overview assists in differentiating benign from malignant bone lesions.