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Methods for Presenting Real-world Objects Under Controlled Laboratory Conditions
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Toward Multidimensional Front-of-Pack Labels: Integrating Nutritional, Environmental, and Processing Information
Luca Muzzioli1, Lucia Maddaloni1,2, Maria Pintavalle1
1Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Nutrients
|July 30, 2025
Summary
Front-of-pack labels (FOPLs) simplify food data for healthier, sustainable choices. Harmonizing nutritional, environmental, and processing labels is crucial for consistent consumer information and public health goals.
Area of Science:
- Food science and nutrition
- Environmental science
- Consumer behavior
Background:
- Front-of-pack labels (FOPLs) are vital for simplifying complex food data.
- They aid consumers in making healthier and more sustainable food choices.
- Current FOPLs include nutritional, environmental, and processing-based categories.
Purpose of the Study:
- To critically evaluate existing FOPLs (nutritional, environmental, processing-based).
- To examine unified labelling frameworks integrating multiple dimensions.
- To identify research gaps and future directions for FOPL implementation.
Main Methods:
- Bibliometric analysis of 1803 publications from major databases (Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar).
- VOSviewer used for network and thematic cluster identification.
- Narrative synthesis of label design, regulatory aspects, and consumer impact.
Main Results:
- Individual FOPLs are maturing, but their combined application is inconsistent.
- Significant research exists on nutritional, environmental, and processing labels separately.
- Emerging efforts show potential for integrated labelling frameworks.
Conclusions:
- Harmonized, multidimensional criteria are essential for consistent FOPLs.
- Integrated FOPLs can better inform consumers and support public health and sustainability.
- Further research and regulatory alignment are needed for unified labelling systems.
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