NASAL SEPTUM AND THE ROLE OF SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS IN SYSTEMIC HEALTH

Deviated nasal septum (DNS) and inferior turbinate hypertrophy (ITH) are among the most prevalent anatomical causes of chronic nasal obstruction. Although historically addressed primarily for symptomatic relief, accumulating evidence highlights their broader impact on systemic physiology, mental health, and healthcare resource utilization. This review synthesizes current evidence on the anatomical and pathophysiological relevance of DNS and ITH, their systemic and psychosocial consequences, the outcomes of surgical correction, and their implications for healthcare systems. A comprehensive literature analysis was conducted, emphasizing clinical, psychological, and economic outcomes associated with nasal obstruction and its surgical treatment. Special attention was given to studies evaluating quality of life, comorbidities, cost-effectiveness of septoplasty and turbinoplasty, and variations in healthcare financing models across different countries. Structural nasal obstruction disrupts normal airflow and breathing patterns, contributing to sleep disturbances, sympathetic nervous system overactivation, and cognitive and emotional dysregulation. Surgical interventions-namely septoplasty and turbinoplasty-have been shown to effectively restore nasal function, improve systemic health parameters, and enhance psychosocial well-being. Additionally, these procedures are associated with reductions in long-term healthcare utilization and improvements in value-based care outcomes. Nasal surgeries targeting septal and turbinate abnormalities confer multidimensional benefits that extend beyond localized nasal function. Acknowledging their role in systemic health, mental well-being, and healthcare efficiency is essential. Furthermore, addressing international disparities in access and financing, ranging from publicly funded systems (e.g., UK, Germany, Canada) to mixed or out-of-pocket models (e.g., United States, Georgia, India), is critical for advancing equitable, evidence-based health policies and optimizing patient outcomes.