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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Clinical Biochemistry

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and thyroid dysfunction are common endocrine disorders.
  • T2DM patients exhibit higher prevalence of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.
  • Insulin resistance in uncontrolled T2DM can impact thyroid function; thyroid autoimmunity involves autoantibodies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between anti-thyroid peroxidase (ATPO) antibody levels and thyroid function profiles in Type 2 Diabetic patients in Ajman, UAE.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study at Thumbay Hospital, Ajman, UAE.
  • Collected samples for Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), HbA1c, ATPO, Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), Free T3 (FT3), and Free T4 (FT4).
  • Utilized spectrophotometry, Electrochemiluminescence, and immunoturbidimetric methods for analysis.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in FBG, HbA1c, TSH, FT3, and ATPO levels were found between T2DM patients and non-diabetic controls.
  • Diabetic subgroups showed significant variations in HbA1c, FBG, TSH, and ATPO (controlled vs. uncontrolled) and in HbA1c, FBG, TSH, and FT4 (male vs. female).
  • A positive correlation was observed between ATPO levels and FBG, HbA1c, and TSH.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated ATPO antibodies in T2DM patients indicate a future risk of functional thyroid problems.
  • A notable distinction exists in thyroid profiles between diabetic and non-diabetic individuals.
  • The positive association between TSH and ATPO in T2DM suggests autoimmunity's role in diabetes; regular thyroid screening is crucial for diabetic patients.