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Conflicting identities and cooperation between groups: experimental evidence from a mentoring programme.

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Summary

Vulnerable groups (G) sometimes favor outgroups, challenging theories. Integration success depends on reducing negative stereotypes and promoting cooperation.

Keywords:
group diversitynatural identitiesnegative stereotypesoutgroup favouritismsocial integrationstigmatization

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Behavioral Economics
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Societal functioning relies on integrating vulnerable minorities.
  • Existing theories offer conflicting explanations for intergroup cooperation.
  • Stereotypes and system-justification influence cooperation dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate cooperation patterns in a mentoring program.
  • To compare cooperation between individuals with and without negative social stigma (G vs. NG).
  • To examine the influence of group identity, history, and perceived group composition on cooperation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a mentoring program with 14 centers involving individuals with (G) and without (NG) legal guardianship stigma.
  • Participants played a Prisoner's Dilemma game with anonymous partners from same (ingroup) and different (outgroup) centers.
  • Manipulated perceived probability of group G within the ingroup to assess cooperation shifts.

Main Results:

  • Individuals without prior within-center interaction showed outgroup favoritism (G) and ingroup favoritism (NG).
  • Increased time within the center led to more ingroup favoritism for G, and less for NG.
  • Both G and NG cooperated less with their ingroup as the probability of the ingroup being G increased.

Conclusions:

  • Observed outgroup favoritism among G challenges theories solely focused on ingroup favoritism.
  • Findings underscore the roles of system-justification and stereotypes in intergroup cooperation.
  • Results have implications for integrating vulnerable populations and optimizing social policies.