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Caffeine significantly reduces triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell viability and induces apoptosis. This common stimulant also affects telomerase activity, offering a potential new therapeutic strategy for TNBC.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Biochemistry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) presents limited therapeutic options due to its aggressive nature and lack of specific biomarkers.
  • Caffeine's effects on telomerase activity in TNBC are not well understood, despite its known roles in other cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of varying caffeine concentrations on MDA-MB-231 TNBC cell viability, apoptosis, and telomerase (hTERT) expression.
  • To explore caffeine's potential as an anticancer agent for TNBC.

Main Methods:

  • Treatment of MDA-MB-231 cells with caffeine (10, 15, 20 mM).
  • Assessment of cell viability, apoptosis (morphology, gene expression: BAX, BCL2, CASP8), and hTERT mRNA expression.

Main Results:

  • Caffeine dose-dependently reduced cell viability and induced early apoptosis.
  • Increased BAX/BCL2 ratio indicated activation of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway.
  • Caffeine upregulated hTERT mRNA expression, possibly as a stress response.

Conclusions:

  • Caffeine exhibits multifaceted effects on TNBC cells, including apoptosis induction and modulation of telomerase activity.
  • Caffeine's accessibility and safety profile make it a promising candidate for further TNBC research.
  • Potential for caffeine as a complementary or standalone therapy for TNBC warrants investigation.