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Birth Defects Among Children Enrolled in Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram in Bihar.

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This study analyzed surgically correctable congenital anomalies in 1678 children in Bihar. Neural tube defects were most common, followed by cleft lip/palate and congenital cataracts.

Keywords:
Cleft lipCleft palateIndiaNeural tubeRBSK

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Public Health
  • Surgical Congenital Anomalies

Background:

  • Congenital anomalies pose a significant global health burden, particularly in resource-limited settings.
  • Early identification and intervention are crucial for improving outcomes in affected children.
  • The Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK) aims to provide comprehensive health screening and management for children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and patterns of surgically correctable congenital anomalies in children.
  • To analyze the types of anomalies identified within a specific healthcare program.
  • To provide data for targeted interventions and resource allocation.

Main Methods:

  • A hospital record-based retrospective study was conducted.
  • Data were collected from July 2019 to June 2024.
  • Beneficiaries of the Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK) at a tertiary care center in Bihar were included.

Main Results:

  • A total of 1678 children were analyzed.
  • Neural tube defects were the most prevalent anomaly (n=292).
  • Cleft lip and palate (n=220) and congenital cataract (n=208) were the next most common conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Neural tube defects, cleft lip and palate, and congenital cataracts are significant public health concerns requiring attention.
  • The findings highlight the importance of screening programs like RBSK in identifying these conditions.
  • Further research and targeted interventions are needed to address the burden of these anomalies.