Elucidating the Role of MicroRNA 1827 as Diagnostic Biomarker in Prostate Cancer Progression

Prostate cancer (PCa) remains the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men, largely due to late-stage detection. Current diagnostic methods suffer from high false-positive rates, leading to overdiagnosis and unnecessary treatments. Given their low predictive value, there is an urgent need for precise and reliable biomarkers to enhance early detection and disease monitoring. Holding to that perspective, with the help of analytic and computational methods, we have elucidated the role of miRNA 1827 as a diagnostic biomarker with therapeutic potential. The expression analysis of miRNA 1827 was achieved by qPCR and its diagnostic potential was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The application of bioinformatic tools recognized the miRNA-mRNA interactions. The study reveals significant downregulation of miRNA 1827 in both PCa serum and tissue. The ROC curve indicates the significant (p < 0.001) and greater AUC of 0.904 with 92.5% sensitivity and specificity for PCa tissue. The non-invasive diagnostic biomarker potential was indicated by 0.956 and 0.969 AUC for PCa serum and CRPC serum, respectively. The miRNA-mRNA interaction shows CREB5, MDM2, E2F3, and CDKN1B as target genes of miRNA 1827. The CDKN1B was found to be significantly downregulated in PCa tissue and serum, while the remaining were significantly upregulated in PCa serum. To the best of our knowledge, the current study underscores the non-invasive diagnostic biomarker potential of miRNA 1827 in monitoring the disease severity of PCa for the first time. Furthermore, the miRNA-mRNA interactions may be exploited for therapeutic purposes.