Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Psychological Responses to Stress01:20

Psychological Responses to Stress

100
Psychological responses to stress encompass the various cognitive and emotional reactions individuals experience when faced with challenging or threatening situations, such as a job loss. Prolonged exposure to stressors can disturb emotional balance, increasing negative emotions (e.g., anxiety and sadness) and diminishing positive emotions (e.g., joy and satisfaction). These persistent emotional shifts are associated with an increased risk of both physical illness and mental health issues, such...
100
Introduction to Stress and Lifestyle01:27

Introduction to Stress and Lifestyle

177
Stress is a multifaceted response to events perceived as challenging or threatening, highlighting physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral reactions. Physically, stress can lead to fatigue, sleep disruptions, and various health issues such as frequent colds, chest pains, and nausea. Emotionally, it can manifest as anxiety, depression, irritability, and anger triggered by both minor and major life events. Cognitively, it may result in difficulty in concentration, memory, and...
177
Stress and Mental Health01:30

Stress and Mental Health

212
Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
212
Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis01:37

Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis

61.7K
The response to stress—be it physical or psychological, acute or chronic—involves activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. The HPA axis is part of the neuroendocrine system because it involves both neuronal and hormonal communication. Its function is to regulate homeostatic systems—metabolic, cardiovascular, and immune—providing the necessary means to respond to a stressor.
61.7K
Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer01:19

Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer

62
Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
62
Psychoneuroimmunology: Cardiovascular Disease01:27

Psychoneuroimmunology: Cardiovascular Disease

78
Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is a multidisciplinary field that examines how psychological factors, particularly stress, interact with the immune system and impact physical health. Research in PNI has shown that chronic or traumatic stress can disrupt both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system. These disruptions contribute to serious health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases.
A key area of focus in PNI is the relationship between stress and coronary...
78

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A specific computational role for early-life unpredictability, and not lifelong traumatic experience, in decision-making under uncertainty.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Mom is developing too: Preliminary evidence for the reciprocal effects of infant sensory reactivity and maternal behavior.

Development and psychopathology·2026
Same author

Sex-Specific Effects of Early-Life Unpredictability on Hippocampal and Amygdala Responses to Novelty in Adolescents.

Biological psychiatry global open science·2025
Same author

Associations between individual and structural level discrimination and psychological and physiological stress indicators during pregnancy.

npj women's health·2025
Same author

Sex-Specific Associations Between Early-Life Unpredictability and Trajectories of Body Mass Index From Infancy to Adolescence.

Biopsychosocial science and medicine·2025
Same author

Prenatal maternal mood instability and child externalizing problems: An ecological momentary assessment study.

Journal of affective disorders·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 12, 2025

Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants
06:39

Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants

Published on: June 13, 2021

3.1K

Gestational stress influences cognition and behavior.

Curt A Sandman1, Elysia P Davis1,2

  • 1333 City Drive West, Suite 1200, Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868, USA.

Future Neurology
|August 7, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Early life stress during pregnancy can negatively impact fetal development, leading to lifelong health issues. Prospective studies show prenatal stress impairs neurological development and cognitive function in children.

Keywords:
anxietycorticotrophic-releasing hormonecortisoldevelopmental origins of diseasefetal developmentfetal programminginfant developmentpregnancyprenatal stresssex differencestress

More Related Videos

Assessment of Stress Effects on Cognitive Flexibility using an Operant Strategy Shifting Paradigm
07:26

Assessment of Stress Effects on Cognitive Flexibility using an Operant Strategy Shifting Paradigm

Published on: May 4, 2020

3.5K
Using Chronic Social Stress to Model Postpartum Depression in Lactating Rodents
07:30

Using Chronic Social Stress to Model Postpartum Depression in Lactating Rodents

Published on: June 10, 2013

25.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 12, 2025

Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants
06:39

Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants

Published on: June 13, 2021

3.1K
Assessment of Stress Effects on Cognitive Flexibility using an Operant Strategy Shifting Paradigm
07:26

Assessment of Stress Effects on Cognitive Flexibility using an Operant Strategy Shifting Paradigm

Published on: May 4, 2020

3.5K
Using Chronic Social Stress to Model Postpartum Depression in Lactating Rodents
07:30

Using Chronic Social Stress to Model Postpartum Depression in Lactating Rodents

Published on: June 10, 2013

25.0K

Area of Science:

  • Developmental origins of disease
  • Neuroscience
  • Maternal-fetal medicine

Background:

  • The developmental origins of disease (DOD) model posits that early life exposures influence lifelong health.
  • Most human studies supporting DOD are retrospective, using surrogate markers like birth weight.
  • Emerging prospective studies investigate direct impacts of intrauterine conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the developmental consequences of intrauterine stress exposure.
  • To evaluate the impact of gestational stress on neurological development.
  • To synthesize evidence on fetal programming by adverse conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent prospective studies on gestational stress.
  • Analysis of studies measuring psychosocial and biological markers of adversity in pregnancy.
  • Assessment of neurological and cognitive outcomes in fetuses, infants, and children.

Main Results:

  • Fetal exposure to psychosocial and biological adversity significantly impacts neurological development.
  • Early gestational stress is linked to delayed fetal maturation and impaired infant cognitive performance.
  • Prenatal stress is associated with reduced brain volume in children, affecting learning and memory areas.

Conclusions:

  • Fetal exposure to stress profoundly influences the developing nervous system.
  • Adverse intrauterine conditions have lasting consequences for neurological development and cognitive function.
  • Evidence supports the fetal programming model for stress-related health outcomes into childhood and beyond.