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Plasma lipoprotein pattern and decreased platelet function in type V hyperlipoproteinemia.

M Aviram, J G Brook

    Israel Journal of Medical Sciences
    |November 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Patients with Type V hyperlipoproteinemia exhibit abnormal plasma lipoproteins, leading to reduced platelet aggregation and serotonin release. These findings suggest a link between altered lipoprotein patterns and impaired platelet function in this condition.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Hematology
    • Metabolic Disorders

    Background:

    • Type V hyperlipoproteinemia is characterized by elevated plasma triglycerides and cholesterol.
    • Platelet dysfunction has been anecdotally reported in hyperlipoproteinemic states.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate plasma lipid and lipoprotein profiles in patients with primary Type V hyperlipoproteinemia.
    • To assess platelet aggregation and [14C]serotonin release in these patients.
    • To determine the impact of patient-derived lipoproteins on normal platelet function.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of plasma very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) lipid and protein content.
    • Quantification of apolipoproteins E and C-III in VLDL and HDL.

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  • Measurement of platelet aggregation and [14C]serotonin release.
  • In vitro incubation of patient and control lipoproteins with normal platelets.

    • Main Results:

    • Patients showed significantly elevated VLDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and protein, altering cholesterol:protein and TG:protein ratios.
    • LDL and HDL exhibited a threefold increase in TG:protein ratio.
    • Patient VLDL had increased apo E and sialyzed apo C-III (C-III2), with decreased apo C-III0.
    • Patient HDL showed lower sialyzed apo C-IIIs.
    • Platelet aggregation and serotonin release were decreased in patients and further impaired when exposed to patient lipoproteins.

    Conclusions:

    • Primary Type V hyperlipoproteinemia is associated with distinct plasma lipoprotein abnormalities.
    • These lipoprotein alterations may be responsible for the observed depressed platelet aggregation and serotonin release.
    • The findings suggest a direct role for abnormal lipoproteins in platelet dysfunction in Type V hyperlipoproteinemia.