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Related Concept Videos

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Updated: Sep 12, 2025

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Update on pediatric cataract surgery.

I Christopher Lloyd1, M Edward Wilson2, Rupal H Trivedi2

  • 1Dept of Clinical and Academic Ophthalmology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK; MAHSC, University of Manchester, UK.

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology (Philadelphia, Pa.)
|August 8, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pediatric cataracts can cause lifelong vision loss, primarily due to amblyopia. Advances in diagnosis, surgery, and amblyopia management offer improved outcomes for children with cataracts.

Keywords:
AmblyopiaContact lensesGlaucoma following cataract surgeryPediatric cataract surgeryPersistent fetal vasculatureVisual axis opacification

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Pediatric cataracts are rare but can lead to significant visual impairment, especially amblyopia.
  • Late diagnosis in children missed by screening programs worsens visual outcomes.
  • Recent advancements have improved the prognosis for pediatric cataract patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of pediatric cataract care for optimal outcomes.
  • To discuss genetic investigations, surgical timing, and refractive error correction.
  • To outline management strategies for common complications and associated conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of modern genetic investigations for cataract etiology.
  • Analysis of outcome-based evidence for surgical timing.
  • Comparison of refractive correction options: contact lenses, spectacles, and intraocular lenses (IOLs).
  • Review of evidence-based management for amblyopia, glaucoma, and visual axis opacification.
  • Detailed discussion of persistent fetal vasculature and ocular trauma management.

Main Results:

  • Genetic testing aids in precise etiological determination.
  • Outcome-based evidence guides optimal surgical timing.
  • Various refractive correction methods (lenses, spectacles, IOLs) have distinct indications, risks, and benefits.
  • Effective management strategies exist for post-operative complications like amblyopia and glaucoma.
  • Specific approaches are outlined for persistent fetal vasculature and ocular trauma.

Conclusions:

  • Optimizing pediatric cataract care requires a multidisciplinary approach integrating genetics, timely surgery, and refractive correction.
  • Proactive management of complications and associated conditions is crucial for preserving vision.
  • Advances in surgical techniques and evidence-based strategies significantly improve visual outcomes in children with cataracts.