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Ethical gaps in closed-loop neurotechnology: a scoping review.

Lea Haag¹, Georg Starke¹, Markus Ploner²

¹Laboratory of Ethics of AI & Neuroscience, Institute of History and Ethics in Medicine, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany.

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Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Clinical studies on closed-loop (CL) neurotechnology rarely address ethical concerns explicitly. This review highlights a gap between compliance and ethical reflection, proposing recommendations for better oversight of adaptive neurotechnologies.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Bioethics
Medical Technology

Background:

Closed-loop (CL) neurotechnology offers adaptive treatment for neurological and psychiatric disorders.
Real-time feedback in CL systems presents unique ethical challenges.
Existing neuroethical discourse highlights the need for ethical scrutiny of these technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the extent and manner in which clinical studies involving CL neurotechnologies address ethical concerns.
To evaluate the presence and depth of ethical engagement in research involving human participants.

Main Methods:

Scoping review of peer-reviewed research on human participants.
Analysis of explicit and implicit ethical assessments within clinical studies.
Evaluation of the integration of ethical considerations into technical and procedural discussions.

Main Results:

Explicit ethical assessments in CL neurotechnology studies are rare.
Ethical issues are predominantly addressed implicitly within technical or procedural contexts.
A significant gap exists between regulatory compliance and substantive ethical reflection.

Conclusions:

There is a critical need for more robust and explicit ethical oversight in CL neurotechnology research.
Recommendations are proposed for developing context-sensitive, reflexive governance frameworks.
Strengthening ethical reflection is crucial for navigating the complexities of adaptive neurotechnologies.