Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Genetics of Speciation02:16

Genetics of Speciation

19.5K
Speciation is the evolutionary process resulting in the formation of new, distinct species—groups of reproductively isolated populations.
19.5K
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

6.1K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
6.1K
Hybrid Zones02:29

Hybrid Zones

20.2K
Hybrid zones are narrow regions where two closely related species interact, mate, and produce hybrids. Relative to either parent species, hybrids may possess distinct phenotypic or genetic differences that impact their survival and reproductive success. The genetic variances introduced by hybridization influence species diversity and speciation processes within the hybrid zone.
20.2K
Speciation Rates01:07

Speciation Rates

21.4K
Overview
21.4K
Genetic Variation01:25

Genetic Variation

388
Genetic variation is the diversity in DNA sequences found among individuals of the same species. This diversity is crucial for a species' survival because it helps organisms adapt to environmental changes. Genetic variation begins with fertilization, where an egg and sperm cell merge. Each of these cells carries 23 chromosomes, up to 46 in the fertilized egg. Chromosomes are long DNA strands that contain genes, the basic units of heredity.
Genes exist in different versions called alleles,...
388
Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift01:09

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

59.5K
In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).
59.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Vertebrate Genomes Project Phase I: A global reference genome resource.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

A chromosome-level genome assembly of a vernal pool specialist amphibian, the Western Spadefoot, Spea hammondii.

The Journal of heredity·2026
Same author

A genome assembly of the North American golden eagle, Aquila chrysaetos canadensis.

The Journal of heredity·2026
Same author

Speciation Genomics in the Tiger Whiptail Lizards (Aspidoscelis tigris Complex).

Genome biology and evolution·2025
Same author

Population Genomics Reveals Panmixia in Pacific Sardine (<i>Sardinops sagax</i>) of the North Pacific.

Evolutionary applications·2025
Same author

A new species of Anemonefish from French Polynesia, <i>Amphiprionmaohiensis</i>, (Pomacentridae, Amphiprioninae), the Polynesian anemonefish.

ZooKeys·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations
04:52

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations

Published on: February 3, 2023

1.0K

Population Genomics, Local Adaptation and Cryptic Speciation in a Temperate Reef Fish, the Black Surfperch, Embiotoca

Jason A Toy1,2, Arthur Oulès1,3,4, Gary Longo1,5

  • 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA.

Molecular Ecology
|August 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Limited dispersal in black surfperch drives local adaptation and potential cryptic speciation. Genetic analysis reveals distinct island and coastal populations, with reproductive genes suggesting incipient species formation.

Keywords:
Phylogeographygenomics/proteomicspopulation genetics ‐ empiricalspeciation

More Related Videos

An Experimental and Bioinformatics Protocol for RNA-seq Analyses of Photoperiodic Diapause in the Asian Tiger Mosquito, Aedes albopictus
12:10

An Experimental and Bioinformatics Protocol for RNA-seq Analyses of Photoperiodic Diapause in the Asian Tiger Mosquito, Aedes albopictus

Published on: November 30, 2014

13.5K
A Concoction Pipeline for Generating Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTUs) Among Riparian and Aquatic Beetles
10:23

A Concoction Pipeline for Generating Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTUs) Among Riparian and Aquatic Beetles

Published on: July 11, 2025

204

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations
04:52

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations

Published on: February 3, 2023

1.0K
An Experimental and Bioinformatics Protocol for RNA-seq Analyses of Photoperiodic Diapause in the Asian Tiger Mosquito, Aedes albopictus
12:10

An Experimental and Bioinformatics Protocol for RNA-seq Analyses of Photoperiodic Diapause in the Asian Tiger Mosquito, Aedes albopictus

Published on: November 30, 2014

13.5K
A Concoction Pipeline for Generating Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTUs) Among Riparian and Aquatic Beetles
10:23

A Concoction Pipeline for Generating Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTUs) Among Riparian and Aquatic Beetles

Published on: July 11, 2025

204

Area of Science:

  • Marine biology
  • Population genetics
  • Evolutionary biology

Background:

  • The black surfperch (Embiotoca jacksoni) has limited dispersal, making it a model for studying local adaptation and cryptic speciation in marine environments.
  • Understanding genetic divergence is crucial for marine conservation and predicting evolutionary responses to environmental change.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate population structure, local adaptation, and genetic divergence in black surfperch across a latitudinal gradient.
  • To identify genetic markers associated with reproductive isolation and speciation.
  • To assess the role of limited dispersal in driving evolutionary processes.

Main Methods:

  • Medium-coverage whole genome resequencing of Embiotoca jacksoni populations.
  • Analysis of population structure using Principal Components Analysis (PCA), Fst estimation, ancestry (sNMF), and phylogenetic methods.
  • Identification of outlier loci associated with adaptive traits and reproductive isolation.

Main Results:

  • Strong genetic differentiation was observed between five distinct groups: one coastal and four island populations.
  • Coastal populations exhibited genetic structure consistent with isolation-by-distance (IBD).
  • Outlier loci, including genes involved in fertilization (Spermine oxidase, Izumo sperm-egg fusion protein 1, SPAG1), were identified, suggesting reproductive barriers contribute to divergence.

Conclusions:

  • Limited dispersal and selective pressures, particularly on reproductive genes, contribute to local adaptation and may lead to incipient or cryptic speciation in black surfperch.
  • These findings highlight the importance of low gene flow in marine speciation and provide a baseline for monitoring genetic changes.
  • The study offers insights into speciation processes in marine vertebrates with restricted gene flow and their response to climate change.