Effect of Graphene Oxide-Based Nanodielectric on Electrical Discharge Machining Performance of Ti-6Al-4 V

Graphene oxide (GO), a two-dimensional nanomaterial, exhibits exceptional electrical and thermal conductivity as well as outstanding tensile strength. In this study, GO nanosheets were dispersed into the dielectric fluid during electrical discharge machining (EDM) of Ti-6Al-4V alloy using copper electrodes, enabling a comprehensive evaluation of the modified dielectric's behavior and the alloy's impact on machining performance. The incorporation of GO significantly influenced both the material removal rate (MRR) and the electrode wear ratio (EWR). Surface morphology analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that GO effectively suppressed the formation of microcracks on the machined surfaces of Ti-6Al-4V. Under optimized machining parameters─specifically, a peak current of 30 A and a pulse duration of 300 μs─employing 0.2 wt % GO in the dielectric resulted in notable enhancements: the MRR increased by 79.3%, the EWR decreased by approximately 41.3%, and the surface roughness improved by about 38.5%. Additional verification through comparative vibration analysis and waveform evaluation confirmed that the introduction of GO substantially improves EDM efficiency, surface quality, and process stability.