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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optical Engineering
    • Diffractive Optics
    • Applied Physics

    Background:

    • Vortex arrays are crucial for advanced applications like fiber optics communication and optical micromanipulation.
    • Existing methods for generating vortex arrays often lack structural simplicity and cost-effectiveness.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and validate a novel diffractive optical element for generating simple and cost-effective vortex arrays.
    • To optimize the design of a composite spiral photon sieve (CSPS) using intelligent algorithms.

    Main Methods:

    • Design of a composite spiral photon sieve (CSPS) based on traditional spiral photon sieves.
    • Optimization of the CSPS design using the hill-climbing algorithm (HCA).
    • Validation through optical simulations and experimental measurements.

    Main Results:

    • The CSPS effectively generates 2x1 or 2x2 Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) vortex arrays.
    • Achieved uniform intensity distribution within the generated vortex arrays.
    • Demonstrated tunable topological charge for versatile applications.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed CSPS offers a structurally simple and cost-effective solution for vortex array generation.
    • Intelligent optimization algorithms like HCA are effective in designing complex optical elements.
    • The validated CSPS design has significant potential for multi-channel fiber optics and optical micromanipulation.