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Double-layer structures for multifocal diffractive optical elements: engineering wavelength- dependent efficiency

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    Multilayer diffractive optical elements offer tunable wavelength selectivity. This enables precise control over light distribution for advanced imaging applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Single-layer multifocal diffractive optical elements (MFDOEs) have fixed diffraction efficiency across wavelengths due to material dispersion.
    • Tailoring wavelength selectivity in MFDOEs is crucial for advanced optical applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate multilayer MFDOEs for tailored wavelength selectivity.
    • To control diffraction efficiency distribution into specific orders for selected wavelengths.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized scalar diffraction theory to analyze multilayer MFDOE designs.
    • Classified material combinations into four categories based on dispersion characteristics.
    • Evaluated quantitative measures like maximum efficiency and spectral uniformity.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated the ability to achieve high diffraction efficiencies in narrow or broadband spectral ranges.
    • Showcased control over light distribution into specific diffraction orders (zeroth, positive, negative).
    • Adjusted spectral efficiency by varying structure depths.

    Conclusions:

    • Multilayer MFDOEs provide a pathway to wavelength-selective multifocal imaging.
    • The design enables precise control over spectral characteristics for microscopy and medical applications.