Development of a Knowledge Base for an Integrated Older Adult Care Model (SMART System) Based on an Intervention...

Area of Science:

• Gerontology
• Health Informatics
• Digital Health

Background:

• Mobile health (mHealth) apps and IoT devices are crucial for home-based older adult care.
• Current mHealth solutions face challenges: lack of holistic support, theoretical frameworks, and personalized feedback.
• The SMART system was developed to overcome these limitations in older adult care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically outline the development process of the SMART system's knowledge base and trigger rules.
• To detail the creation of an intelligent and integrated older adults care model.
• To provide a framework for developing similar clinical decision support systems.

Main Methods:

• A user-centered approach integrating the nursing process and Intervention Mapping (IM) framework.
• Identification of older adult care needs via in-depth interviews.
• Utilizing WHO guidelines and NANDA-I nursing diagnoses to define care problems and objectives.
• Systematic literature reviews, clinical guidelines, and expert insights informed intervention selection.

Main Results:

• Identified 5 key care needs, leading to 138 care problems with associated causes and criteria.
• Developed a knowledge base with 138 long-term and 195 short-term care objectives.
• Selected 450 evidence-based interventions with practical implementation approaches.
• Created diagnostic and intervention trigger rules for personalized, tailored care.

Conclusions:

• The study successfully developed the SMART system's knowledge base and trigger rules.
• The methodology provides a theoretical foundation for similar clinical decision support systems.
• This approach enhances home-based older adult care through integrated and personalized mobile health solutions.