Implant number and distribution for implant-supported fixed complete dentures according to three-dimensional finite...

Introduction The All-on-4 concept has been proposed in oral implantology to deal with the lack of jawbone.Aims The objective of this review was to determine whether there was a three-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA) model that could determine the implant positioning and implant number for full-arch, fixed, implant-supported rehabilitation, that would yield a stress distribution that limits peri-implant bone resorption.Material and Methods A scoping review was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. Studies performing FEA of implant-supported complete dentures and describing the type of FEA model were included.Results A total of 28 studies were included. The implant geometry was a monobloc in 12 studies. Of the 28 studies, 22 were based on simplified anatomy. A higher stress around the distal implants was found in all studies, but the results were heterogeneous.Discussion The main limitations of the FEA models were: 1) the digital model and its analysis contain inaccuracies; and 2) the forces applied resulted in stresses transmitted far below the stress limits of the prosthesis and the bone.Conclusions Further FEA studies with controlled parameters are required in order to enable a more accurate biomechanical analysis of the optimal number, angulation and location of implants.