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A Hall Effect-Based Force Sensing Mechanism for Force Sensing Inside Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scanner.

Yen-Chun Chen1, Ran Hao1, Adam Thompson1

  • 1Department of Electrical, Computer, and Systems Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.

IEEE Sensors Letters
|August 18, 2025
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Summary

This study introduces an MRI-safe force sensor using a Hall-effect sensor on a cantilever beam. It accurately measures force within a 3-Tesla MRI scanner by detecting magnetic flux density changes.

Keywords:
Hall-effect sensorforce sensing mechanismmagnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Imaging Physics
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) systems generate strong static magnetic fields, posing challenges for integrating electronic sensors.
  • Accurate force measurement is crucial for various MRI-guided procedures and robotic applications.
  • Existing force sensors may not be compatible with the high magnetic fields within an MRI scanner.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and evaluate a novel Hall-effect based force sensing mechanism that is safe for use within an MRI scanner.
  • To measure one degree-of-freedom force under a 3-Tesla static magnetic field.
  • To assess the accuracy and repeatability of the proposed MRI-safe force sensor.

Main Methods:

  • A Hall-effect sensor was mounted on the end of a cantilever beam.
  • The sensor's position and orientation change when force is applied to the cantilever.
  • Changes in magnetic flux density were detected by the Hall-effect sensor, producing a voltage output proportional to the applied force.
  • Experiments were conducted to test the sensor's performance within a 3-Tesla MRI environment.

Main Results:

  • The Hall-effect based mechanism successfully measured force within the MRI scanner's magnetic field.
  • The sensor's voltage output demonstrated a relationship approximately proportional to the applied force.
  • Initial experiments indicated the potential for accurate and repeatable force measurements.

Conclusions:

  • A Hall-effect based force sensing mechanism can be safely and effectively utilized within a 3-Tesla MRI scanner.
  • This technology offers a promising solution for force feedback in MRI-guided interventions.
  • Further validation is recommended to fully characterize the sensor's performance.