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Association between acid-suppressant use and self-reported stroke.

Xiaoqu Zuo1,2, Xinghai Yue1, Hongwu Tao3

  • 1The Second Clinical College, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.

BMC Neurology
|August 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Acid-suppressive medication use, including H2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), is significantly associated with an increased risk of stroke. Further research is needed to confirm these findings due to study limitations.

Keywords:
Acid-suppressantH2 receptor antagonistNHANESProton pump inhibitorStroke

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Epidemiology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine

Background:

  • The link between proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and stroke is debated, with limited research on H2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs).
  • This study investigates the association between PPIs, H2RAs, and overall acid-suppressive medication use and stroke incidence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the relationship between acid-suppressive medication use and stroke.
  • To analyze data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for the years 1999-2018.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized NHANES data on prescription medication use and self-reported stroke history.
  • Employed propensity score matching (PSM) to control for confounding variables.
  • Conducted weighted multivariable logistic regression and subgroup analyses.

Main Results:

  • A significant association was found between acid-suppressive medication use and stroke, both before and after PSM (OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.10-1.60).
  • H2RA use showed a consistent significant association with stroke.
  • The association between PPI use and stroke was less stable, reaching borderline significance.

Conclusions:

  • Acid-suppressive medication use is linked to a higher likelihood of stroke.
  • Limitations include the cross-sectional design and reliance on self-reported data.
  • Further investigation is warranted to validate these findings.