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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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Increased skin autofluorescence predicts future cancer development.

Henderikus E Boersma1,2, Grigory Sidorenkov3, Andries J Smit2

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001, HPC AA31, Groningen, 9700 RB, the Netherlands.

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Higher skin autofluorescence (SAF), a marker of tissue glycation, is linked to increased cancer risk. This association remained significant even after adjusting for various health factors, suggesting SAF

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Science
  • Oncology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Tissue glycation, measured by skin autofluorescence (SAF), is associated with increased risks of type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and mortality.
  • Previous research suggests a potential link between elevated SAF levels and a higher incidence of cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between SAF and the time to a new cancer diagnosis.
  • To evaluate this association in a large population-based cohort with and without T2D.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Lifelines Cohort Study (2006-2013) in the Northern Netherlands, linking participant data with the Dutch Nationwide Pathology Databank (Palga).
  • Included 77,961 participants (with and without T2D), free of cancer at baseline, followed for a median of 11.5 years.
  • Employed Cox proportional hazards analyses, adjusting for confounders, to assess the association between SAF and cancer incidence.

Main Results:

  • Higher SAF was significantly linked to increased overall cancer incidence (HR 2.36).
  • The association was stronger in males than females and remained significant after multivariable adjustment (HR 1.11).
  • Elevated SAF was associated with specific cancers including lung, esophageal, urinary tract, ovarian, female genital, and liver cancers.
  • In participants with T2D, higher SAF was linked to increased cancer incidence, though this did not reach statistical significance after full adjustment.

Conclusions:

  • Higher SAF measurements are associated with a slightly increased incidence of cancer, independent of diabetes status.
  • SAF serves as a valuable biomarker not only for diabetes and CVD risk but also for cancer risk assessment.