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Conjunctivitis secondary to novel systemic dermatologic agents: a growing concern.

Marcus L Turner1, Minh T Nguyen

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Summary

Novel systemic therapies for atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, like IL-inhibitors and JAK-STAT inhibitors, can cause ocular side effects such as conjunctivitis. Early detection and management are key to preventing vision complications.

Keywords:
atopic dermatitisdrug adverse eventsmonoclonal antibodiesocular surface side effectspsoriasissmall molecule JAK–STAT inhibitors

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Novel systemic therapies, including interleukin (IL)-inhibiting monoclonal antibodies and Janus kinase-STAT (JAK-STAT) inhibitors, have transformed atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis management.
  • These advanced treatments, while effective for skin conditions, are increasingly linked to ocular surface adverse events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on ocular surface side effects associated with new systemic treatments for AD and psoriasis.
  • To highlight the spectrum of ocular complications and their management.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on ocular side effects of novel systemic therapies for AD and psoriasis.
  • Analysis of reported ocular adverse events, particularly conjunctivitis, associated with agents like dupilumab, tralokinumab, upadacitinib, and abrocitinib.

Main Results:

  • Conjunctivitis is a prominent ocular side effect, with dupilumab-induced cases being most documented.
  • Emerging data indicates varying ocular safety profiles among different systemic agents.
  • Early clinical recognition and grading of ocular inflammation are crucial for effective management, often with topical anti-inflammatory treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Ocular surface complications are a significant concern with the growing use of novel systemic dermatologic therapies.
  • Multidisciplinary collaboration and heightened awareness are essential to mitigate risks of vision-threatening outcomes.
  • Further research is required to understand the pathophysiology and optimize treatments for both skin and ocular health.