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Multiline Laser Interferometry for Non-Contact Dynamic Morphing of Hierarchical Surfaces.

Biagio Audia¹, Caterina Maria Tone², Pasquale Pagliusi^1,2

¹Department of Physics, University of Calabria, Ponte P. Bucci 31C, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy.

Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland)

|August 27, 2025

Summary

Broadband vectorial interferometry enables precise, multiscale surface structuring on azopolymer films. This advanced laser technique creates deterministic hierarchical surfaces for diverse applications, from optics to anti-counterfeiting.

Keywords:

hierarchical topography optical Fourier surface polychromatic vectorial interferometry surface photopatterning

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Optics and Photonics
Surface Engineering

Background:

Hierarchical surface structuring is crucial for advanced materials, influencing optics and biomimetics.
Laser-based methods are key for complex structuring of photo-responsive surfaces.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce and demonstrate broadband vectorial interferometry for deterministic multiscale surface structuring.
To explore the influence of optical encoding schemes on resulting surface morphologies.

Main Methods:

Utilized a polychromatic laser source and interference light patterning on azopolymer films.
Investigated optomechanical stress modulations at various spatial periodicities.
Analyzed the impact of polarization versus intensity light patterns on surface topography.

Main Results:

Achieved deterministic hierarchical Fourier surfaces with levels from sub-micrometer to tens of micrometers.
Demonstrated high control over surface morphology and regularity.
Found that polarization patterns yield more regular and symmetric structures than intensity patterns.

Conclusions:

Broadband vectorial interferometry offers a scalable and versatile method for high-precision surface structuring.
Vectorial light properties are key to controlling surface morphologies.
The technique is applicable to optics, photonics, biomimetics, and anti-counterfeiting.