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Nanophotonic Materials and Devices: Recent Advances and Emerging Applications
1Centre for Advanced Material and Energy Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei.
Micromachines
|August 28, 2025
Summary
Nanophotonics manipulates light at the nanoscale using engineered materials for advanced sensing, imaging, and quantum technologies. Recent breakthroughs focus on novel materials, fabrication, and applications like quantum photonics and biosensing.
Area of Science:
- Nanophotonics and nanotechnology
- Light-matter interactions at the nanoscale
Background:
- Nanophotonics leverages engineered nanomaterials (plasmonic metals, 2D materials) to control light beyond the diffraction limit.
- Key phenomena include localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs), Mie resonances, and exciton-polariton coupling.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive review of nanophotonic advances post-2020.
- To cover materials, fabrication techniques, and applications in sensing, imaging, and quantum technologies.
Main Methods:
- Review of fundamental nanophotonic principles.
- Examination of top-down, bottom-up, and hybrid fabrication techniques.
- Exploration of applications in quantum photonics, biosensing, nonlinear optics, and integrated circuits.
Main Results:
- Highlights advances in engineered nanomaterials and fabrication methods.
- Showcases applications in quantum technologies, ultrasensitive biosensing, and nonlinear optics.
- Discusses active and tunable nanophotonic systems, including reconfigurable metasurfaces.
Conclusions:
- Identifies challenges such as optical losses and scalable integration.
- Outlines future directions including machine learning-assisted design and programmable photonics.
- Positions nanophotonics as a key enabler for next-generation technologies.
