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Reconfigurable Flexible Plasmonic Hydrogen Sensor Based on Disordered Palladium Nanoparticles: Coupled Optical
Zhongyang Liu1, Canwen Wang1, Yang Yang1
1State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
ACS Sensors
|August 28, 2025
Summary
This study introduces a flexible plasmonic sensor for detecting hydrogen gas. The sensor uses palladium nanoparticles and film, achieving high sensitivity and optical contrast for efficient hydrogen monitoring.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Chemical Engineering
Background:
- Hydrogen is a crucial clean energy carrier requiring robust detection methods.
- Current hydrogen sensors face challenges in sensitivity, selectivity, and durability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a tunable, flexible plasmonic sensor for accurate hydrogen detection.
- To investigate the optical response of palladium nanostructures to varying hydrogen concentrations.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of a flexible plasmonic sensor using palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs), a PMMA spacer, a Pd film, and a soft substrate.
- Utilizing optical measurements to analyze sensor performance at different hydrogen concentrations.
- Investigating the role of Fabry-Pérot (FP) like effects and film wrinkling in sensor response.
Main Results:
- The sensor demonstrated high sensitivity at low hydrogen concentrations due to enhanced absorption by Pd NPs via an FP-like effect.
- A significant optical contrast of 4540% was achieved at high concentrations, attributed to Pd film wrinkling from hydrogenation-induced expansion.
- The sensor exhibited excellent hydrogen selectivity and a long operational lifetime.
Conclusions:
- The developed tunable flexible plasmonic sensor offers a promising solution for advanced hydrogen detection.
- The unique optical response mechanisms provide a novel strategy for next-generation optical gas sensors.
- This work contributes to the safe and efficient utilization of hydrogen as a clean energy source.
