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Related Concept Videos

Development of Antibiotic Resistance01:30

Development of Antibiotic Resistance

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Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
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Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism01:27

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Synergism is a useful mechanism where combining two or more drugs is more effective than each constituent used alone. Such combinations are also called supra-additive interactions. The drugs collectively enhance the final therapeutic effect by acting on different targets. Another advantage is that the low dose of each constituent drug is sufficient to achieve the desired effect. This helps reduce the duration of therapy and lower the adverse effects of these drugs.
Such synergistic combinations...
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Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

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Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
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Antibiotic Selection00:57

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Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test01:26

Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test

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A urine culture and sensitivity test is a diagnostic procedure used to identify urinary tract bacterial infections and determine the most effective antibiotics for treatment. This test is generally preferred when a patient shows manifestations of a urinary tract infection, such as frequent or painful urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, or lower abdominal pain.Purpose of the TestThe primary goals of a urine culture and sensitivity test are to:Determine the specific bacteria causing the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 9, 2025

The Use of a &#946;-lactamase-based Conductimetric Biosensor Assay to Detect Biomolecular Interactions
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[Beta-lactams and beta-lactamase inhibitors-current developments].

Winfried V Kern1, Sören G Gatermann2

  • 1Klinik für Innere Medizin II/Abteilung Infektiologie, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland. winfried.kern@uniklinik-freiburg.de.

Innere Medizin (Heidelberg, Germany)
|August 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recent advancements in antibacterial drugs focus on beta-lactams and beta-lactamase inhibitors. New agents like cefiderocol and combinations target resistant Gram-negative bacteria, with potential for oral treatments in the future.

Keywords:
AntibioticsAztreonamCefiderocolGram negative bacteriaMeropenem

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology and Microbiology
  • Medicinal Chemistry

Context:

  • Significant progress in developing novel antibacterial agents, particularly within the beta-lactam class.
  • Focus on combating antibiotic resistance through advanced drug design and combination therapies.

Purpose:

  • To review recent developments in antibacterial substances, emphasizing beta-lactams and beta-lactamase inhibitors.
  • To highlight new agents and combinations effective against resistant Gram-negative bacteria and explore future oral treatment possibilities.

Summary:

  • New beta-lactamase inhibitors and combinations, such as ceftazidime-avibactam and cefiderocol, show efficacy against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens.
  • Cefiderocol utilizes bacterial iron uptake systems for enhanced delivery.
  • Boronate-based inhibitors offer broad-spectrum activity against various beta-lactamases, including metallo-beta-lactamases.

Impact:

  • These developments offer new therapeutic options for challenging infections caused by resistant bacteria.
  • Future oral beta-lactam and combination therapies could revolutionize treatment for mycobacteriosis and ESBL-producing bacterial infections.