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Psychometric Properties of Instruments Measuring Bullying Among Nursing Students: A Systematic Review
Zixuan Li1, Yuqiang Wang, Qinglin Zeng
1Author Affiliations: College of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China (Mss Li, Zhou, and Zhang, and Dr Zeng); Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (Mss Wang and Zeng); and Dazhou Vocational and Technical College, Dazhou, Sichuan, China (Ms Zhou).
Background:
Bullying among nursing students is a critical issue. Hence, it is essential to identify reliable and valid measurement instruments to accurately assess bullying behaviors in educational settings.
Purpose:
To evaluate psychometric properties of bullying instruments for nursing students using COSMIN guidelines.
Methods:
A systematic review of 10 databases up to November 2024 was conducted. The 2 reviewers independently screened studies, assessed methodological quality (COSMIN Risk of Bias checklist), rated psychometric properties (COSMIN criteria for good measurement properties), and graded evidence quality (GRADE).
Results:
Twelve studies that evaluated 7 instruments were included. The Bullying Behaviors in Nursing Education (BBNE) scale and its Chinese/Persian versions demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties, earning provisional recommendation. The remaining instruments showed limited psychometric support and were weakly recommended.
Conclusion:
BBNE is currently the most suitable instrument, but evidence quality remains limited. Further refinement and rigorous psychometric testing are needed to enhance bullying assessment in nursing education.
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