N6-Methyladenosine RNA Methylation: A Key Regulator in Male Reproductive Disorders and Urological Cancers

In the field of male health, disorders of the reproductive and urological systems present significant challenges. The global increase in male infertility, primarily attributed to environmental and lifestyle factors, along with the high incidence of urological cancers, not only places a significant socio-economic burden but also emphasizes the urgent need for in-depth research. Epigenetic modifications, especially N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation, are of great importance in these conditions. m6A, which is regulated by specific "writer", "eraser", and "reader" proteins, has an impact on various RNA-related processes. This review summarizes the regulatory functions of m6A in male reproductive health and urological cancers. In male reproduction, it explores how m6A affects somatic cell functions, steroidogenesis, and the blood-testis barrier. It also delves into its role in diabetic erectile dysfunction and benign prostatic hyperplasia. In urological cancers, the review examines m6A's influence on metabolic reprogramming, programmed cell death, and tumor immunity. Furthermore, this review discusses the potential of targeting m6A as a therapeutic approach for these conditions. By integrating recent research findings, it offers new perspectives on the role of m6A in male reproductive and urological disorders, laying a foundation for future research.