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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure V: Medical Management01:30

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

23
Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
23
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

1.8K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
1.8K
Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

52
Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
52
Hazard Ratio01:12

Hazard Ratio

241
The hazard ratio (HR) is a widely used measure in clinical trials to compare the risk of events, such as death or disease recurrence, between two groups over time. It reflects the ratio of hazard rates—the instantaneous risk of the event occurring—between a treatment group and a control group. This measure provides valuable insights into the relative effectiveness of a treatment by assessing how the risk of an event differs between the two groups.
For example, in a clinical trial...
241
Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies01:22

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

27
Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
27
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

37
Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
37

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 9, 2025

Author Spotlight: Investigating HR-Dependent Cardiac Function in Mouse Models Through a Novel Atrial-Pacing Approach
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Why do people with heart failure die? Rationale and design of the RHYTHM-HF study.

Simon A S Beggs1, Mark C Petrie1, Sylvia Wright2

  • 1School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.

European Journal of Heart Failure
|August 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary

The RHYTHM-HF study analyzed death causes in heart failure patients using insertable cardiac monitors and autopsies. It offers new insights into terminal rhythms and pathological findings, aiming to reduce heart failure mortality.

Keywords:
ArrhythmiaAutopsyHeart failureInsertable cardiac monitorMortalitySudden death

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Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pathology
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Heart failure (HF) is a major cause of mortality.
  • Understanding the precise causes and mechanisms of death in HF patients is crucial for developing effective interventions.
  • Existing studies often lack detailed data on terminal cardiac events and pathological findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causes and mechanisms of death in patients hospitalized with heart failure.
  • To provide novel insights by integrating data from insertable cardiac monitors (ICMs) and autopsy examinations.
  • To establish the largest contemporary prospective autopsy study in heart failure.

Main Methods:

  • Enrolled 257 patients in a prospective, observational cohort study of decompensated heart failure.
  • Utilized subcutaneously implanted ICMs for long-term cardiac rhythm monitoring before discharge.
  • Collected data on cause, mode, and mechanism of death, including ICM-derived terminal rhythm and autopsy findings, with stepwise clinical adjudication.

Main Results:

  • The study is the largest to report terminal rhythm data in heart failure patients.
  • It represents the largest contemporary prospective autopsy study in heart failure.
  • It is the only study to describe the interaction between terminal rhythm and pathological cause of death using modern adjudication standards.

Conclusions:

  • RHYTHM-HF provides a contemporary natural history of death in heart failure.
  • The study anticipates generating new mechanistic insights into heart failure mortality.
  • Findings will inform future clinical research aimed at reducing death in heart failure patients.