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Updated: Sep 9, 2025
04:56
Modified Octopus Technique for Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Published on: August 1, 2025
97
Sarcoma of the Descending Aorta: A Case Report
Yerlan Orazymbetov1,2, Serik Aitaliyev2,3, Rassul Zhumagaliyev2
1National Scientific Medical Center, Astana, Kazakhstan.
Case Reports in Oncology
|August 29, 2025
Summary
Primary aortic sarcoma is a rare malignancy often diagnosed late. This case highlights aortic sarcoma as a cause of aortic thrombus, emphasizing the need for prompt diagnosis and treatment, including surgical intervention and chemotherapy.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Surgery
- Oncology
- Diagnostic Imaging
Background:
- Primary malignant aortic tumors are rare, originating in the aorta's intima or medial layers.
- Diagnosis is challenging due to varied clinical presentations and nonspecific symptoms, often leading to postmortem identification.
- Aortic sarcomas present a complex diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma for clinicians.
Observation:
- A 69-year-old male presented with symptoms including hypertensive crisis, chest pain, dyspnea, and leg swelling.
- Computed tomography revealed an obstructive mass in the thoracic aorta.
- The mass was identified as a sarcoma of the descending thoracic aorta.
Findings:
- Surgical intervention involved thoracic aortic prosthesis and removal of thrombi/tumor masses from the thoracoabdominal aorta and bilateral iliac arteries.
- The patient also received chemotherapy as part of the treatment regimen.
- Aortic sarcoma can manifest as a significant aortic thrombus.
Implications:
- Aortic sarcoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of large aortic thrombi.
- Palliative procedures, such as open aortic replacement, can be viable treatment options.
- Early recognition and multimodal treatment are crucial for managing this rare malignancy.
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