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    This study demonstrates spatiotemporal similariton generation in an all-fiber laser system using spectral-spatial filtering. The novel design achieves high-power output and discovers new similariton pulse structures.

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    Area of Science:

    • Physics
    • Optics
    • Laser Technology

    Background:

    • Self-similar evolution in ultrafast fiber lasers is crucial for wave-breaking suppression and quasi-linear chirp.
    • Understanding and controlling self-similar pulse dynamics is key to advancing high-power laser systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate spatiotemporal similariton generation in an all-fiber laser system.
    • To investigate the potential of dual-function spectral-spatial filtering for laser design.
    • To explore novel similariton pulse structures and their characteristics.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a commercial single-mode fiber filter for dual-function spectral-spatial filtering.
    • Developed an all-fiber laser system for generating spatiotemporal similaritons.
    • Characterized the generated similaritons' wavelength, beam quality, power, repetition rate, pulse duration, and energy.

    Main Results:

    • Generated similaritons centered at 1066 nm with M²≈2.9 beam quality.
    • Achieved 420 mW average power at a 13.21 MHz repetition rate.
    • Obtained 8.2 ps pulse duration (191 fs after dechirping) and pulse energy exceeding 30 nJ.
    • Experimentally discovered similariton molecules and quartets with varying pulse separations.

    Conclusions:

    • The structurally simple, high-performance all-fiber laser system offers novel perspectives for optimizing high-power pulsed lasers.
    • The discovery of similariton molecules and quartets opens new research avenues in ultrafast laser physics.
    • This work provides new pathways for advancing the field of high-power ultrafast fiber lasers.