Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Anatomy of the Intestines01:23

Anatomy of the Intestines

73.8K
Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
73.8K
Background and Environment Affect Phenotype02:27

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype

6.7K
Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
6.7K
Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine01:29

Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine

641
The gut microbiome is formed by a vast and diverse community of bacteria that colonizes our large intestine. These bacteria start residing in the gut from birth and continue diversifying throughout life, influenced by factors such as diet, lifestyle, and stress. The gut bacterial community also includes bacteria from food and those that enter the colon through the anus.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
641

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

<b>Self-aggregating</b> <i><b>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</b></i> <b>enhances type-I interferon responses via the cytosolic sensors NOD2 and cGAS</b>.

Gut microbes·2026
Same author

The Translational Coupling of Daidzein Reductase and Dihydrodaidzein Racemase Genes Improves the Production of Equol and Its Analogous Derivatives in Engineered Lactic Acid Bacteria.

ACS synthetic biology·2025
Same author

Fermented Lignan-Enriched Soy Beverage Ameliorates the Metabolic Effects of a High-Fat Diet on Female Mice.

Journal of agricultural and food chemistry·2025
Same author

Valorization of Coffee Cherry By-Products Through Fermentation by Human Intestinal Lactobacilli in Functional Fermented Milk Beverages.

Foods (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Selection of GABA-Producing Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains by Polymerase Chain Reaction Using Novel <i>gad</i>B and <i>gad</i>C Multispecies Primers for the Development of New Functional Foods.

International journal of molecular sciences·2025
Same author

Correction: Characterization and stabilization of the α-L-fucosidase set from Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus INIA P603.

Applied microbiology and biotechnology·2024
Same journal

A lysate of a multi-strain probiotic formulation inhibits cell growth and oxidative phosphorylation in colorectal cancer cells via a ceramide-mediated mechanism.

Beneficial microbes·2026
Same journal

Gut microbial differences and function in infants with gastroschisis: a pilot prospective cohort study.

Beneficial microbes·2026
Same journal

Infant gut microbiota composition and metabolism can be influenced by extensively hydrolysed casein in vitro.

Beneficial microbes·2026
Same journal

Gut commensal Bacteroides faecichinchillae, a potential novel candidate of next-generation probiotics targeting type 2 diabetes.

Beneficial microbes·2026
Same journal

Ultra long-lived plasma cells in the human small intestine produce microbiota-reactive IgA antibodies.

Beneficial microbes·2026
Same journal

Engraftment of staphylococcal strains on human skin can competitively displace native staphylococci.

Beneficial microbes·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 9, 2025

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
11:22

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

Published on: October 15, 2019

29.3K

Phenotypic differences between equol-producing and non-equol-producing intestinal microbiota.

J A Curiel1, S Langa1, A Ruiz de la Bastida1

  • 1Departamento de Tecnologı́a de Alimentos, 54402Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnologı́a Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA-CSIC), Crta de la Coruña Km7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain.

Beneficial Microbes
|August 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Equol-producing gut bacteria exhibit distinct metabolic phenotypes, differing in isoflavone metabolism from non-equol producers. These phenotypic differences explain variations in how individuals benefit from isoflavone consumption.

More Related Videos

Application of Flow Vermimetry for Quantification and Analysis of the Caenorhabditis elegans Gut Microbiome
08:38

Application of Flow Vermimetry for Quantification and Analysis of the Caenorhabditis elegans Gut Microbiome

Published on: March 31, 2023

837
Using Single-Worm Data to Quantify Heterogeneity in Caenorhabditis elegans-Bacterial Interactions
09:54

Using Single-Worm Data to Quantify Heterogeneity in Caenorhabditis elegans-Bacterial Interactions

Published on: July 22, 2022

3.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 9, 2025

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
11:22

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

Published on: October 15, 2019

29.3K
Application of Flow Vermimetry for Quantification and Analysis of the Caenorhabditis elegans Gut Microbiome
08:38

Application of Flow Vermimetry for Quantification and Analysis of the Caenorhabditis elegans Gut Microbiome

Published on: March 31, 2023

837
Using Single-Worm Data to Quantify Heterogeneity in Caenorhabditis elegans-Bacterial Interactions
09:54

Using Single-Worm Data to Quantify Heterogeneity in Caenorhabditis elegans-Bacterial Interactions

Published on: July 22, 2022

3.2K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Metabolomics
  • Nutraceuticals

Background:

  • Equol, an isoflavone metabolite, is produced by specific intestinal microbiota from daidzein.
  • Individuals with equol-producing microbiota are thought to benefit most from isoflavone intake.
  • No significant genotypic differences distinguish equol-producing from non-equol-producing microbiota.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate phenotypic differences in isoflavone metabolism between equol-producing and non-equol-producing intestinal microbiota.
  • To elucidate the role of gut microbiota in mediating the health benefits of isoflavones.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 17 fecal samples for isoflavone metabolism.
  • Incubation with daidzein, dihydrodaidzein (DHD), genistein, and dihydrogenistein (DHG).
  • Quantification of equol, 5-hydroxy-equol, and O-desmethylangolensin (O-DMA) production.

Main Results:

  • Six samples produced equol from both daidzein and DHD.
  • Only equol-producing samples generated 5-hydroxy-equol from genistein and DHG.
  • Equol producers extensively metabolized isoflavones, while non-producers showed limited metabolism.
  • Equol producers generated lower concentrations of O-DMA, primarily derived from daidzein.

Conclusions:

  • Significant phenotypic differences exist in isoflavone metabolism between equol-producing and non-equol-producing gut microbiota.
  • These metabolic variations explain differential host responses to isoflavones.
  • Gut microbiota's metabolic activity is crucial for realizing the benefits of isoflavone consumption.