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[Prefrontal dysfunction and mismatch negativity in adolescent depression: A multimodal fNIRS-ERP study].

Hongyi Sun1, Lin Zhang2, Jing Li3

  • 1Neurobiological Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.

Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi = Journal of Biomedical Engineering = Shengwu Yixue Gongchengxue Zazhi
|August 31, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adolescent depression shows altered brain activity, with prolonged mismatch negativity (MMN) and reduced frontal cortex oxygenation. These findings suggest impaired sensory processing and prefrontal hypofunction in depressed youth, aiding early biomarker development.

Keywords:
AdolescentsDepressionEvent-related potentialsFunctional near-infrared spectroscopyMismatch negativity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Biomarkers

Context:

  • Early identification of adolescent depression is crucial for effective intervention.
  • Objective biomarkers are needed to complement subjective diagnostic methods.
  • First-episode mild-to-moderate depression in adolescents presents unique neurophysiological challenges.

Purpose:

  • To investigate functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) activation patterns and mismatch negativity (MMN) characteristics in adolescents with first-episode depression.
  • To compare fNIRS oxyhemoglobin (Oxy-Hb) levels and MMN (latency/amplitude) between depressed adolescents and healthy controls.
  • To explore the correlation between MMN parameters and frontal cortex activity.

Summary:

  • Adolescents with depression exhibited significantly prolonged MMN latency and reduced Fz amplitude compared to controls.
  • fNIRS revealed decreased Oxy-Hb concentration in the left frontopolar prefrontal cortex of depressed adolescents.
  • A positive correlation was found between MMN latencies at Fz and Cz electrodes.

Impact:

  • Findings suggest hypofunction in the left prefrontal cortex and impaired automatic sensory processing in adolescent depression.
  • Combined fNIRS and event-related potentials (ERP) may offer objective biomarkers for early depression detection.
  • This research contributes to developing more precise diagnostic tools for adolescent mental health.