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The devil effect triggered by sexual crimes.

Michaela Pfundmair1, Romana Matanovic1

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Keywords related to sex, particularly involving children or violence, trigger negative stereotypes. This "devil effect" can bias perceptions of criminal cases and influence judgments.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Criminology
  • Legal Psychology

Background:

  • Stereotypical beliefs about sexual crimes are prevalent.
  • These beliefs may stem from a negative halo effect, where one negative attribute biases overall judgment.
  • The impact of keyword associations on perceptions of sexual offenses requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that keywords containing 'sex' activate negative schemas influencing judgments of criminal cases.
  • To explore the 'devil effect' in the context of sexual crimes.
  • To understand how negative associations impact perceptions of offenders and legal outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A focus group interview was conducted to explore initial perceptions.
  • Two online surveys were employed to quantify the effects of specific keyword pairings.
  • Keywords analyzed included 'sex and children,' 'sex and violence,' and a control 'children and violence.'

Main Results:

  • The keyword pair 'sex and children' strongly activated negative schemas, including violence and pedophilia, leading to calls for harsh punishments.
  • 'Sex and violence' also elicited negative associations with offenders and penalties, though broader in scope.
  • The control 'children and violence' produced more varied responses, indicating the specificity of sexual crime associations.

Conclusions:

  • The study confirms a 'devil effect' associated with sexual crimes, triggered by specific keywords.
  • This effect can lead to reduced awareness of actual crimes and biased judgments by legal professionals and juries.
  • Understanding these negative schemas is crucial for mitigating bias in legal and public perception of sexual offenses.