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Spectral and Angle-Resolved Magneto-Optical Characterization of Photonic Nanostructures

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Multiple Exceptional Rings in One-Dimensional Perovskite Photonic Crystals.

Zhi-Hang Na¹, Xu-Lin Zhang¹, Jing Feng¹

¹Jilin University, State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, JLU Region, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Changchun 130012, China.

Physical Review Letters

|September 10, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered multiple exceptional rings (ERs) in simple 1D non-Hermitian systems. This breakthrough simplifies the creation of complex topological structures for advanced optical applications.

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Area of Science:

Condensed Matter Physics
Topological Materials
Non-Hermitian Systems

Background:

Exceptional rings (ERs) are complex topological structures in non-Hermitian systems.
Realizing ERs typically requires intricate designs and precise control, limiting experimental observations.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate that simple 1D non-Hermitian periodic systems can host multiple ERs.
To explore the tunability of ERs through non-Hermitian loss.
To establish a simplified platform for studying complex non-Hermitian topologies.

Main Methods:

Theoretical investigation of 1D non-Hermitian periodic systems.
Utilizing bulk Fermi torus in momentum space for tunability.
Experimental realization using 1D perovskite photonic crystals.

Main Results:

Successfully demonstrated the existence of one to four ERs and hybrid ERs in a simple 1D system.
Tuning non-Hermitian loss was shown to control the number and type of ERs.
Observed ERs and the associated bulk Fermi torus in photonic crystal experiments at visible frequencies.

Conclusions:

Simple 1D non-Hermitian systems offer a versatile platform for realizing complex topological phenomena.
The findings pave the way for optical-frequency applications leveraging non-Hermitian physics.
This work significantly advances the experimental accessibility of high-dimensional non-Hermitian topologies.