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Postoperative Opioid Receipt After Parotidectomy and Associations With Persistent Opioid Use Disorder.

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Postoperative opioid use after parotidectomy increases the risk of persistent opioid use disorder and more office visits. Further research into opioid-sparing pain management is crucial.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pain Management
  • Surgery

Background:

  • Parotidectomy, a surgery for parotid gland tumors, often involves postoperative pain management.
  • Opioid analgesics are commonly prescribed, raising concerns about potential long-term use and dependence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between receiving opioids after parotidectomy and developing persistent opioid use disorder.
  • To analyze the impact of postoperative opioid receipt on healthcare utilization and opioid dependence risk.

Main Methods:

  • A propensity-matched retrospective cohort study using the TriNetX Research Network (2010-2023).
  • Adult patients undergoing parotidectomy were analyzed, excluding those with prior opioid abuse or recent anesthesia.
  • Opioid and non-opioid cohorts were propensity-matched based on demographics, diagnoses, and concurrent procedures.

Main Results:

  • The opioid cohort (n=3858) showed a significantly increased risk of new persistent opioid use (RR=1.321, P<.001) compared to the non-opioid cohort.
  • Opioid receipt was associated with more office/outpatient visits at 1 and 3 months postoperatively (P<.001).
  • No significant differences were found in emergency department visits or the risk of opioid abuse/dependence.

Conclusions:

  • Opioid prescription following parotidectomy is linked to a higher risk of persistent opioid use disorder.
  • Increased postoperative office visits were also associated with initial opioid prescription.
  • Findings highlight the need for opioid-sparing analgesia protocols in parotidectomy patients.