Anomalous self-experience in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Phenomenological and psychopathological correlates

Anomalous self-experiences (ASEs) are increasingly recognized as core features of schizophrenia spectrum disorders, reflecting disruptions of the pre-reflective self or ipseity. While ASEs have been conceptualized as foundational to psychotic vulnerability, their empirical associations with broader clinical and psychological dimensions remain underexplored.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between ASEs, schizotypal traits, general psychopathology, personality dimensions, and intolerance of uncertainty in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.

A cross-sectional sample of clinically stable patients (n = 30) with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders was assessed using the Examination of Anomalous Self-Experience (EASE), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), Big Five Questionnaire (BFQ), and the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale. Pearson correlations and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to examine associations and predictive factors of self-disturbance severity.

EASE scores were significantly correlated with SPQ total and cognitive-perceptual dimensions, general psychopathology (PANSS), and intolerance of uncertainty. Regression analysis identified SPQ total positive percentage, PANSS general psychopathology scores, and prospective intolerance of uncertainty as significantly associated with ASEs, explaining 42 % of the total variance. BFQ personality traits showed no significant predictive value.

These findings support the conceptualization of ASEs as a core, trait-like feature of schizophrenia-spectrum psychopathology. The study highlights the interconnection between self-disturbance and schizotypy, affective dysregulation, and experiential disorganization. Incorporating phenomenological assessment into routine clinical practice may enhance early detection and inform targeted therapeutic approaches.