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Changes in polymorphic forms can significantly influence the bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. Although the FDA defines pharmaceutical equivalence based on having the same active ingredient, dosage form, and route of administration, it does not automatically disqualify products with different polymorphic forms. This means two products with different polymorphs can still be deemed pharmaceutically equivalent. However, polymorphic differences can affect properties like wettability,...

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Thermal Treatment and Polymer Matrix Diffusion Effects on Hydroxyapatite Particle Size Evolution.

Alexandru Pahomi1,2, Ionela-Amalia Potinteu1,2, Alexandra-Maria Tășală1

  • 1Research Centre for Thermal Analysis in Environmental Problems, West University of Timisoara, Pestalozzi Street 16, 300115 Timisoara, Romania.

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|September 13, 2025
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Summary

Chitosan and sodium alginate polymers significantly reduce hydroxyapatite (HA) particle size during wet chemical synthesis. The HA + Alg 10% sample showed the largest particle size reduction, demonstrating polymer effectiveness in controlling HA nanoparticle formation.

Keywords:
chitosanhydroxyapatitepolymerssodium alginatethermal treatment

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomaterials Engineering

Background:

  • Hydroxyapatite (HA) is crucial in biomedical applications.
  • Wet chemical precipitation is a common HA synthesis method.
  • Controlling HA particle size is essential for its performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of chitosan and sodium alginate on HA particle size.
  • To explore the use of polymers as nucleation media for HA synthesis.
  • To optimize HA particle size reduction using biopolymers.

Main Methods:

  • Wet chemical precipitation of HA using varying concentrations (5-10% w/v) of chitosan and sodium alginate.
  • Characterization using SEM, FT-IR, EDAX, DLS, and TGA before and after calcination at 1000 °C.
  • Monitoring changes in particle size, morphology, and composition.

Main Results:

  • All tested polymer concentrations reduced HA particle size.
  • The HA + Alg 10% sample exhibited the largest particle size decrease (-67.7%).
  • Polymers influenced HA nucleation and crystal growth.

Conclusions:

  • Chitosan and sodium alginate are effective in reducing HA particle size via wet chemical precipitation.
  • Polymer concentration plays a key role in particle size control.
  • This method offers a route to tailor HA nanoparticle properties for specific applications.