Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination02:55

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

95.0K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
95.0K
Surveys02:16

Surveys

16.6K
Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
16.6K
Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping02:05

Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping

43.5K
People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about...
43.5K
Hypothesis Test for Test of Independence01:16

Hypothesis Test for Test of Independence

7.4K
The test of independence is a chi-square-based test used to determine whether two variables or factors are independent or dependent. This hypothesis test is used to examine the independence of the variables. One can construct two qualitative survey questions or experiments based on the variables in a contingency table. The goal is to see if the two variables are unrelated (independent) or related (dependent). The null and alternative hypotheses for this test are:
H0: The two variables (factors)...
7.4K
Deindividuation00:57

Deindividuation

30.3K
Deindividuation is a form of social influence on an individual’s behavior such that the individual engages in unusual or non-normal behavior while in a group setting. Why? Because in these group settings, the individual no longer sees themselves as an individual anymore, disinhibiting their behavior and personal restraint.
30.3K
Introduction to Test of Independence01:21

Introduction to Test of Independence

2.9K
In statistics, the term independence means that one can directly obtain the probability of any event involving both variables by multiplying their individual probabilities. Tests of independence are chi-square tests involving the use of a contingency table of observed (data) values.
The test statistic for a test of independence is similar to that of a goodness-of-fit test:
2.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Does Housing Eviction Modify the Effects of Alcohol Outlet Density on Hospitalizations for Assault and Alcohol Use Disorder in Pennsylvania?

Alcohol, clinical & experimental research·2026
Same author

Associations between trait impulsivity facets and alcohol-impaired driving risk perceptions.

Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors·2026
Same author

Manifestation of Drinking Profiles in Daily Life: Associations With Momentary Negative Affect, Impulsivity, and Drinking.

Alcohol, clinical & experimental research·2026
Same author

Within-Person and Between-Person Risk Perceptions Predict Driving After Drinking: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study.

Alcohol, clinical & experimental research·2026
Same author

Predictors of Breath Alcohol Profiles: A Multiple-Study Lab-Based Approach.

Alcohol, clinical & experimental research·2026
Same author

Sociability, drinking motives, and alcohol use problems among young adults with and without childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Alcohol, clinical & experimental research·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 18, 2026

The Motivation for Alcohol Reward: Predictors of Progressive-Ratio Intravenous Alcohol Self-Administration in Humans
05:40

The Motivation for Alcohol Reward: Predictors of Progressive-Ratio Intravenous Alcohol Self-Administration in Humans

Published on: April 28, 2022

3.5K

Differences in Alcohol-Impaired Driving Risk Perceptions Between Black and White Young Adults.

Olivia M Warner1, Alison M Haney2, Courtney A Motschman1

  • 1Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri.

Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs
|September 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Black and White young adults perceive alcohol-impaired driving (AID) risks differently. While White individuals perceived greater danger, higher intoxication predicted less AID behavior in Black participants, highlighting racial disparities in risk perception and driving behavior.

More Related Videos

Driving Under the Influence: How Music Listening Affects Driving Behaviors
07:25

Driving Under the Influence: How Music Listening Affects Driving Behaviors

Published on: March 27, 2019

13.0K
A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers
08:05

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers

Published on: January 5, 2018

10.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 18, 2026

The Motivation for Alcohol Reward: Predictors of Progressive-Ratio Intravenous Alcohol Self-Administration in Humans
05:40

The Motivation for Alcohol Reward: Predictors of Progressive-Ratio Intravenous Alcohol Self-Administration in Humans

Published on: April 28, 2022

3.5K
Driving Under the Influence: How Music Listening Affects Driving Behaviors
07:25

Driving Under the Influence: How Music Listening Affects Driving Behaviors

Published on: March 27, 2019

13.0K
A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers
08:05

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers

Published on: January 5, 2018

10.1K

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Public Health
  • Substance Use Research

Background:

  • Risk perceptions for alcohol-impaired driving (AID) are linked to AID behavior.
  • Existing research on AID risk perceptions predominantly features White individuals, overlooking racial disparities in alcohol-related harm.
  • This study addresses a gap by comparing AID risk cognitions between Black and White young adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare alcohol-impaired driving (AID) risk cognitions in Black and White young adults.
  • To examine the association between AID risk perceptions and AID behavior after alcohol consumption.
  • To investigate potential racial differences in how risk perceptions predict AID behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Participants (N=137, 43% Black) consumed a moderate dose of alcohol (target BrAC = .08%).
  • Subjective intoxication, perceived danger of driving, and perceived safe driving limit were assessed.
  • AID behavior was measured cross-sectionally and at 6-month follow-up using multilevel models and generalized estimating equations.

Main Results:

  • Black participants reported lower perceived driving danger compared to White participants.
  • No significant group differences were found in subjective intoxication or perceived safe driving limit.
  • Higher subjective intoxication prospectively predicted less AID behavior specifically for Black participants.

Conclusions:

  • Findings indicate both similarities and differences in alcohol-impaired driving (AID) risk perceptions between Black and White young adults.
  • Racial disparities in perceived driving danger and the relationship between intoxication and AID behavior were observed.
  • Further research is needed to understand how discrimination experiences influence risk perceptions and decision-making regarding AID among minoritized groups.