Matrix-Engineered Self-Assembly of Fluorophores Based on Acidic Annealing for Robust Cellular Imaging

Area of Science:

• Supramolecular Chemistry
• Materials Science
• Biotechnology

Background:

• Fluorescein derivatives are prone to acid-induced aggregation, leading to fluorescence inactivation.
• Acid annealing of fluorescein aggregates can surprisingly enhance fluorescence by 50-fold compared to the original powder.

Purpose of the Study:

• To overcome the limitation of acid-induced inactivation in fluorescein derivatives.
• To develop a universal design strategy for multifunctional supramolecular architectures with enhanced optical properties.

Main Methods:

• Incorporating fluorescein derivatives into polymer or surfactant matrices during acidic annealing.
• Exploiting self-assembly properties to modify molecular structure and optical properties.
• Modulating particle geometry by varying dye/matrix concentrations and assembly time.

Main Results:

• Achieved enhanced fluorescence brightness in self-assembled fluorescein derivative particles.
• Created biocompatible particles with efficient cellular uptake and superior imaging capabilities.
• Demonstrated stability of the assemblies against light and high temperatures.

Conclusions:

• The developed method redefines acid adaptation mechanisms for fluorescent dyes.
• This work establishes a universal design strategy for advanced supramolecular materials.
• The engineered superstructures offer expanded applications in complex biological systems and advanced imaging.